Anterior cingulotomy for intractable pain
نویسندگان
چکیده
Article history: Received 25 September 2016 Accepted 1 October 2016 Conservative therapy is often the first-line treatment for many symptoms of various disease processes, including pain. Nevertheless, if pharmacological or medical management fails for those patients with severe and chronic pain, a surgical strategy may be a reasonable option. First performed for psychiatric disorders, cingulotomy now has been recognized as a viable option for themanagement of pain. The authors review the literature on anterior cingulotomy for intractable pain to provide guidelines for management and expected outcomes. © 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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